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Architect Level Interview Questions

We're interviewing for Architects at work. There are stacks of sample tests around the web for programmer level roles, but not a lot for architect level roles. So we devised our own.

We tell the applicants that these questions should be answered in bullet list / note form. We don't need essays because we are going to talk about some of the issues in the interview.

  • What in your opinion is the worst part of Java development? How would you fix it?
  • What advice would you give a server side web developer wanting to ensure that new code was secure from external attacks?
  • Do you think Component based frameworks are better than Action/Request based web frameworks?
  • What recent technology trends are important to enterprise web development?
  • What do you think of Struts?
  • What's the difference between final, finally and finalize?
  • Rank the following attributes in order of importance when designing new code. If you have time, please add a sentence to each explaining it's position:
    • performance
    • maintainability
    • correctness
    • ease of use
    • ease of learning
  • Some performance tweaks serve only to make source code hard to read, without really making a significant difference, others are vital to a system returning results in a finite time. When in the development process should you consider performance issues?
  • A customer has asked you to write a toUpper function. The only requirement you have is:
    • It must return 'A' when given an input of 'a'.
    What questions do you need to ask to flesh out the requirements?

These are not trick questions - there is generally no one correct answer; just opinions. (Except question 4 of course; You get hired instantly for mentioning DWR ;-)

Is this a good way to sorting the men out from the boys?

Send me your CV If you are interested in an architect role in the East Midlands, UK: <joe at getahead dot ltd dot uk>

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Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

IMHO I think this is a good list. One thing that I hate is interview questions where there really is only a single answer. The person your interviewing is probably stressed out to begin with and open ended questions help break the tension and open a person up to learn what they are really about. If you want a potential employee to be book smart and have memorized a series of definitions then fine. However, I look for people that are dynamic thinkers and are able to deliver solutions to complex problems. This list might not prove that ability but it is a good start that would probably lead to more discussion.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Quite a few of these questions are about coding and coding practice. You need to think bigger than the java code, ifn you're going to be a top Architect methinks - or is it just a top programmer you're really looking for....

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Behind the lower level questions there is another question I guess.

The thinking behind the final, finally and finalize one is simple - "Have you ever actually written any real code or is it purely academic?"

The toUpper question is about teasing out user requirements and about i18n a bit as well. It's a question you really need to talk through with the applicant.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

The problem with those questions is that they do not define the tasks they are supposed to solve. Too ambiguous to start answering right away, so they will surely puzzle the applicant.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Often I find that the hardest part of being and effective architect is not being "correct" with the technical issues, but rather coaxing developers to actually follow guidelines and best practices.

So I might ask about a hypothetical follow on to the "what's the hot trend in Enterprise apps these days" -- How would you convince a development team to use that approach in their next project?

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

I think anyone operating at Architect capacity has to have "people skills". Listen, understand and apply the right technology for the right problem. Having a good understanding of final, finally and finalize is OK to judge background, but more often than not, whilst asked to lead in offering advice, you'll also be asked to compromise on cost and quality. A good architect should be able to prove his ability to deal effectively with these challenges. I'd include some more scenario type what ifs rather than text book questions to get people to open up. Oh and don't ask about "Java development", asking about "Software Development" is heaps better IMHO.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

We're hoping to judge people skills face to face rather than on paper, so the questions didn't focus on that too much. That said people are always on their best behaviour in an interview so it's always hard to tell.

I think you're right about the what-if scenarios. The toUpper question has been quite revealing so I intend to add another one in a more general vein.

Maybe I could convince you to put your CV forward ;-)

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

> What do you think of Struts? Struts is dead; Long live Struts.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

I just read through the questions and had no difficulty answering any of them. final, finally and finalize <<< very good question!

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

If you are looking for an actual architect rather than a senior developer you should look for what they know about design, particularly design patterns. They should know the core patterns --- if they don't know what a Session Facade is and why/where it should be used you should run a mile. Since you are asking about Struts, ask them what patterns are used --- if they don't mention at least MVC or Front Controller you probably don't want them.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

I hear programmers speak here about a number of relevant programing skills. From a business-centric perspective, architects should be corporate assets, not code designers. There are five dimensions to a software architect role: 1. technology 2. consulting 3. strategy 4. organizational politics 5. leadership Technology should consume perhaps less than 20% of an architect's day. Projects don't fail because of bad design or ugly code or improper/inefficient testing or even a wrong choice of technologies. There is no such thing as a perfect technology for a task at hand, only bad leaders and poor visionaries. The above mentioned are but consequences of poor organizational choices and a lack of focus. And patterns? They are but a convenient communication framework of the day. Should we know it as architects? Yes. At least we should know where the repositories are, and how to look through the repositories for a match with a task at hand. Frameworks change. For example, is MVC in Struts really M-V-C? Some people would say no. Unfortunatelly, those are few in between, for Struts rules. Oh no, or is it AJAX that rules? Or maybe SOA and REST and web services? No, no, it's OOP and generics, and AOP. One interesting thing happened with software engineering after WWW hit the mainstream. Some became gods in their own minds, and everyone became an architect. Vanity rules, and it will come to bite the software industry worse than the dot.com crash did. For Bankers are not a very patient bunch. Remember Occam's razor. "one should not increase, beyond what is necessary, the number of entities required to explain anything." That's wisdom. Now, you Mr./Mrs. Architect, who got bitten more than once by your own vanity and have learned some valuable life lessons, you go and explain this to a young hotshot who thinks he's got it all down after two books read and three projects completed and left for someone else to maintain. Someone should teach a class titled: "History of software art" and make it a mandatory read. Got to run...

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Thank you for the list. I my openion they are just perfect fit for an architect in Java. Keep up this work.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Good Interview Questions !

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Thank you for the useful questions. More questions can be found at www.technical-interview.com

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Hello I'm Jem Smith webmaster and web developer in www.infoseeksoftwareystes.com. This architect view is a help full for everyone who associated with IT sector.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

The questions are a good start. From a career path perspective, the role of an architect progresses from developer, senior developer, solution architect and architect. Sometimes a senior developer can jump few steps and become an architect based on varied skills and experience. So, asking questions in core java tests if the candidate has followed a career progression path. Next, there are several types of architects in IT, not just J2EE architects. One can be a data architect, application architect, solution architect, operational architect and so on. These roles may or may not exist in all companies and some roles are combinedly assumed. When selecting an architect, it is important to test several areas right from business and functional requirements to troubleshooting a deadlock issue in a distributed transaction and things in between. Architects should have all skills. Most important thing is the ability to research and development, which is true particulalry in this age of "pattern a week, language a fortnight" (Patent Pending :-)) type of discoveries. This proves, the would be architect has 360 degrees experience gained the hard way in IT shops. Wish you good luck in your recruitment now in future.

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

Good Thread

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

The scope of assessing an architect varies based on the role he/she is likely to play(Application/Domain Architect, Solutions architect and Enterprise architect). So mere asking some technical questions like final, finally and finalize will not help to select a good architect. Questions like the below one might be more practical:
For an Application Architect : 1. Give a project requirement and ask him to depict the Application and System Architecture models then start ur question based on it... that will give a good idea.
2. All NFR questions.
3. Design methodologies used, issues, solutions.
4. Give a scenario ask them to design... - classdiagram, seq or deployment or component etc...
5. Questions on design patterns
6. Question on Team lead and peer interaction, presentations.
For a Solutions Architect: Questions about the project dependent items - like Infrasture team, security, development team - should be asked.
For an Enterprise Architect: 1. governance capabilities
2. Future roadmap
3. procurement
4. compare products
5. Business Interaction for new proposals and vicecersa.
If u want to dig deep we shall...

Re: Help - Architect Level Interview Questions

Thank. Me too wants to move furhter as a Technical Architect. This discussion helps me. I wants few more interview question for .Net Architect position (specialy scenario based). Could anyone help me?

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

good points from all of them I wonder if someone can share atleast 1 problem case to ask in an architect interview Please that would help a lot of good community of aspiring architects

Re: Architect Level Interview Questions

It's a nice place to share my thoughts. It takes many of the methodological issues raised in traditional face to face or F2F interviews and transfers these online with some key differences. It principally focuses on the conduct of one-to-one exchanges as one-to-many exchanges are usually called online focus groups.I'm willing to stick around here and watch it grow. As i also want to learn how to grow mine. Tom Cv interview questions

Interviewing architects

In Architect Level Interview Questions, Joe Walker shares some of the interview questions that he uses to quiz architects. For me, the comment that sums up the essence of Joe's questions is as follows.